Skip to main content

C++

For developers who want to skip the Arduino IDE and work directly with the on-board STM32 — full control, your own toolchain, no abstractions.

C++ Logo

Who is this for?​

Most people should use the Arduino IDE — it's the same C++ underneath, just with a friendlier shell and one-click upload. Pick this direct-C++ path only when you need to:

  • Use STM32-specific peripherals or features the Arduino core doesn't expose
  • Integrate DUELink modules into an existing C++/STM32 project
  • Use your team's existing IDE, build system, or debugger
  • Step through code with SWD (most modules expose SWD pads)

Toolchains​

Any toolchain that targets STM32C071 will work. Common picks:

  • STM32CubeIDE — free, official ST IDE, full HAL/LL access
  • ARM Keil MDK — what we use internally; ST offers a free Cortex-M0 license that covers DUELink
  • PlatformIO — if you prefer that workflow
  • GCC + Make / CMake — for fully scripted builds

These give you everything Arduino does and a lot more. The trade-off is no friendly samples — you'll work from raw HAL/LL APIs, the STM32 reference manual, and your own project structure.

Uploading​

Built a .bin or .hex? Any DFU upload tool will flash it onto a DUELink module:

  • STM32CubeProgrammer — recommended; cross-platform, GUI + CLI
  • Any other DFU tool that supports STM32 in DFU mode

(The Arduino IDE handles upload internally, which is why most users stick with it.)

Debugging with SWD​

Most DUELink modules expose SWD pads so you can attach a debugger like ST-Link:

  • SWCLK — on the through-hole "boot pads" or LDR button
  • SWDIO — on a small surface-mount pad nearby
tip

SWD access is an advanced, unsupported feature. Pin locations vary by module — check the product page for your board.

Going further​